Which Windows file system is primarily used on modern systems and supports files larger than 4GB?

Correct answer: NTFS

Option C is correct because NTFS (New Technology File System) is the default file system for modern Windows installations, supporting files and volumes far exceeding 4 GB, along with permissions, encryption, journaling, and compression. Option A is wrong because exFAT is optimized for flash drives and external media and is not the primary file system for Windows system volumes, though it does support large files. Option B is wrong because FAT32 is limited to individual files of no more than 4 GB and is considered a legacy file system not suitable for modern Windows installations. Option D is wrong because HPFS (High Performance File System) was used by OS/2, not Windows, and has not been relevant to Windows systems for decades.